创新创业概念国外文献

1.跪求一篇关于 大学生创业教育研究 相关的外文文献 3000字的 谢谢

Investigation and Research of University Students' entrepreneurship ■ understand the most important market in the initial period, the students hope to understand the market and are familiar with the market, this desire is very strong, Up to 75% of this from another angle shows that most college students hope to meet with the community, access to the market. thus understanding market opportunities, and seize opportunities.Comments : "binaural not hear the window incident," the era is gone forever. To give students a better touch with the community, to build a bridge leading to the community is particularly important.■ finance and investment sector to support entrepreneurship is important initial period, entrepreneurs who wish to have the help and support the premier financial and investment sector, the data reached 63.5%. Second, social services organizations and government agencies. Hope that the community service organizations to support the 45.2%, in the hope that the government agencies to support the least and is 28.6%.Comments : financial investment policy of supporting students to entrepreneurship is the effect of the reflected.■ hope to get professional guidance and a risk fund of university students in the early hope to get professional guidance and a risk fund These two are the same, 51.4%, more than half, but not very high, This shows that these two aspects are only easy it is not a particularly pressing.Comments : pioneering professional guidance is very important Unfortunately, many people do not understand this point.venture capital financing more students tend to personal venture financing channels in preference to relatives, friends, classmates and others leverage, financial investment in key sectors is considered, but the former is most important to 32.5%. This in a sense it can be said that the current society or a "social acquaintance", personal relationships is very important, have formed an institutionalized financing channels.Comments : There are both advantages and disadvantages to rely on personal relationships, but even more crucial is to create a scientific and effective financing channels.ignored the government's preferential policies for entrepreneurship students to the survey, entrepreneurs want from government agencies to get help aspirations is not very high, while Many do not know or do not understand the government's preferential policies for entrepreneurship students, Only 28.6% of key government agencies to consider the enabling role.Comments : The role of government forgotten that it was the work of incompetent or publicity has not been in place.establishment of a student entrepreneurial services necessary for the venture. Students want schools to provide the support the most urgent venture is the founder of student services, this proportion is as high as 85.6%, which explains the entrepreneurial schools must be one of homework, This is because many people want to repair this course, the addition, the creation of elective courses and revised structure for the former 56.9%. the latter 30.4%.Comments : entrepreneurial services like employment services agency, the same school education must be an extension of educational services.。

2.求有关创新写作方面的论文

您可以去以下网站找资料，然后提问索取全文： ★WWW。

CNKI。NET 是个收费网站，而且很贵！！！！但是你可以去那里查资料然后问我要全文，因为CNKI的资料很全，有3400多万篇文章。

当然你在任何论文网站或数据库下载全文遇到收费时，都可以向我寻求帮助！ 中国知网 ，你上去输入关键词，搜索一下就有了 索取全文参看 搜索结果如： 1。 谈学术论文写作的创新思维 被引次数：3次 赵丹琦 文献来自：南京金融高等专科学校学报 1997年 第01期 一、学术论文写作的创新思维首先依赖于大脑思维流程的活跃进行写作是人脑高级复杂的精神智力活动，在思维过程中如果有意识地对有关知识整体感知、综合归纳、形象记忆、类比想象，就会产生突破性的思维效益，即往往能出现新的问题，新的思路 。

2。 激发创新思维——研究生英语写作能力培养 被引次数：4次 刘玉萍 文献来自：山东外语教学 2003年 第05期 所以阅读是创新的基础。

阅读与写作创新之间具有一种整合而又互动的关系。其内涵是 ：阅读是写作创新能力的必要条件 ，写作创新能力是阅读发展的必然结果。

它们之间可以互相带动 ，即阅读能带动写作创新能力的发展 ，写作创新能力又促 。

3。

试论写作教学的创新 被引次数：2次 黄爱平 文献来自：江西金融职工大学学报 2004年 第04期 使写作教学走入了强迫作文的死胡同，而且越陷越深。 在对写作教学现状分析的基础上提出并论述了创新写作教学的观点和设想。

[1] 程民 。

4。

消息写作创新三法 被引次数：1次 刘照丁 文献来自：中国记者 2004年 第05期 砂消息写作创新三法@刘照丁$《韶关日报》！副总编辑消息怎样才能引人？本文通过报道实例及评述，在写作技巧上创新地提出了让导语“简”下来、“重”起来 。 。

5。

论应用写作教学的创新 被引次数：1次 管曙光 文献来自：秘书之友 2003年 第11期 的创新写作的。5。

'孺誉新，首先必须是写作观念念的更新又必然促进人们对写作教学目的的重新思考和认识。对写作学科性质和、教学目的的认识，到目前为止木约是写文章。

照最终目的，__教是“满堂灌，，理讼。议共教三个阶段： 。

6。 走出作文创新写作的误区 被引次数：1次 崔益林 文献来自：语文天地 2003年 第23期 但有走出作文创新写作的误区@崔益林$江苏省海安县古贲中学！226623 “话题作文”作为一种“开放性作文”，的确为考生在完成考场作文时提供了施展才华的良机，从近几年来反馈的信息来看，也确实体现了这样的问题。

让每一个学 。

7。

论创新意识创新力的概念表现与培养———从研究生科技论文写作的现状与问题谈起 被引次数：9次 张建宇 邹云 文献来自：学位与研究生教育 1996年 第06期 概念的界定及其表现度与“创新力”的培养翻开任何一本有关科技写作的著作，几乎毫无例外地都会强调论文的“新”意与“创新”问题，然而也许因为看似过于简单的缘故，关于什么叫做科技意义上的“新”却鲜有人论及。 就本文作者看来，这却是一个大问题，只 。

8。 论创新思维与写作教学改革 被引次数：1次 毕耕 文献来自：教育探索 2005年 第04期 授课教师一定要 树立写作就是创新的观念，使写作课真正成为训练学生的 创新思维、培养创新能力的课程。

写作课的教学目标，应定 位在培养学生的创新意识、发展创新思维上，而不仅仅是为 了培养写作的人才。学生创新思维能力提高了，不仅可以提 。

9。 谈谈写作语境的创新设计 被引次数：2次 徐宝兵！江苏 唐小琴！江苏 文献来自：教书育人 2001年 第05期 遵循了“感知生活语境一一描绘写作语境”的路子，宗旨是让学生做写作的主人。

只有这样，学生丰富的创新思维及想象力才会喷？。

写作语境教学体现了新大纲的时代精神，也体现了叶老的“在想象中睁开眼睛来看”的教学思路。

谈谈写作语境的创新设计@徐宝兵 。

10。

英语写作心理诉求及其教学创新 被引次数：1次 李特夫 文献来自：江西教育科研 2005年 第07期 认清英语写作的心理价值和意义，此乃是教学中极为重要的第一步，在此基础之上，才能进一步谈所谓创新写作教学问题。 二、学生英语写作心理诉求分析根据心理调查中的观察法、谈话法、问卷法、个案法、测验法，学生英语写作心理诉求可大致 。

上一页 1 [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] 下一页 。

3.创业的定义与基本特征

创业是指处于创业阶段，高成长性与高风险性并存的创新开拓型企业。创业型企业不等于高科技企业，也不等于中小企业。大企业集团也有再创业行为，只不过这种行为一般可自行解决。高科技企业和中小企业有的早已超出了创业阶段。

特征：

从创业型企业的首创精神看，创业过程包含着新的产品或新的服务的诞生，这是创业成功的关键因素。而从整个经济社会的角度看，这无疑是产品和服务不断更新与演进的重要推动力。

扩展资料：

基本阶段

第一阶段

生存阶段，以产品和技术来占领市场，只要有想法（点子）会搞关系（销售）就可以。

第二阶段

公司化阶段，规范管理来增加企业效益，这是需要创业者的思维从想法提升到思考的高度，而原先的搞关系就转变成一个个渠道的建设，公司的销售是依靠渠道来完成，团队也初步形成。

第三阶段

集团化阶段。这时依靠的是硬实力（产业化的核心竞争力），整个集团和子公司形成了系统平台，依靠的是一个个团队通过系统平台来完成管理，（人治变成了公司治理），销售变成了营销，区域性渠道转变成一个个地区性的网络。从而形成了系统。

思维从平面到三维。这时你就可以退休了，创业者就有了现金流系统（赚钱机器），它是24小时为你工作的，这就是许多创业者梦想达到的理想状态。

第四阶段

这是创业者的最高境界，集团总部阶段，是一种无国界的经营，也就是俗称跨国公司。集团总部的系统平台和各子集团的运营系统形成的是一种体系。

集团总部依靠的是一种可跨越行业边界的无边界核心竞争力（软实力）子集团形成的是行业核心竞争力（硬实力）这样将使集团的各行各业取得它们在单兵作战的情况下所无法取得业绩水平和速度。思维已从三维到多维，这才是企业发展所能追求和达到的最高境界。

参考资料来源：百度百科--创业

4.急求求企业技术创新论文的英文参考文献（最好是期刊论文）

Sustainable Development and Institutional Innovation in Privately-owned Small and edium-sized Businesses YANG Da-kai, MIAO Xue-feng ( School of International Investment, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433 , P. R. China) Abstract: Privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses are the main body in private-owned businesses in China and an e-merging group with special characteristics, and its state of development has a direct impact on the overall competitiveness of the Chinese economy in the future. By calculating first-order and second-order derivatives of production function to institution function and analyzing the results, it is indicated that institutional factor has a deep impact on the operation and development of privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses, and that improvement in institutional environment will greatly improve their production and operation. For this reason, the strategic path arrangement for institutional inno-vation in privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses in China is: cultivating entrepreneurship, carrying out property right innovation, perfecting operating mechanism of enterprises, and improving the external institutional envi-ronment for enterprise operation. Key words: privately-owned small and medium-sized business; family system; entrepreneur; governing structure; institutional innovation 我国经济体制改革的主线和目标是建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制。

市场经济的基本制度是所有制主体和利益主体的多元化，这一基本制度使我国民营经济得到了很大的发展，并日益成为我国国民经济的重要组成部分。民营中小企业是民营企业的主体，它与国有大中型企业、国有中小型企业、民营大企业都有着很大的区别，是一个具有特殊表征的新兴群体。

一个已经被普遍认同的观点是，民营中小企业的发展状况将直接影响到我国经济未来的整体竞争力。 Our country economic restructuring's master line and the goal are the establishment and the consummation socialist market economic system. Market economy's basic system is the system of ownership main body and the benefit main body multiplication, this basic system enabled our country privately operated economy to obtain the very big development, and became our country national economy day by day the important component. The privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise is Private enterprise's main body, it with the state-owned Large and middle scale Enterprises, the state-owned Small and medium-sized enterprise, the privately operated big enterprise has the very big difference, is one has the special attribute emerging community. One already by general acceptance's viewpoint was, privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise development condition immediate influence to our country economy future overall competitive power. 无论在我国还是在发达的工业化国家，家族式民营中小企业的存在和发展都与一定的历史阶段、社会发展状况、社会文化特征密切相关。

家族企业作为现代市场经济中企业生态群体的母体和重要的企业组织形态，其治理结构优劣并存；全盘否定民营中小企业的家族治理模式，就等于推翻了当前我国民营经济的基础，这是不可取的。民营中小企业内部治理结构的演变有一个特定的历史过程，根据其发展阶段采用相应的治理结构，才能使其生命力不断延伸，而现代企业制度并不适合我国大多数民营中小企业的现实状况。

Regardless in our country in the developed industrialized country, the family type privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise's existence and the development with certain historical stage, the social development condition, the social culture characteristic closely is related. The Family firm takes in the modern market economy the enterprise ecology community's parent substance and the important enterprise organizes the shape, its management structure fit and unfit quality coexisting; The total repudiation privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise's family governs the pattern, was equal to that has overthrown the current our country privately operated economy foundation, this is cannot take. The privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise interior management structure's evolution has a specific historical process, uses the corresponding management structure according to its development phase, can cause its vitality to extend unceasingly, but the modern enterprise system does not suit our country Majority Privately operated Small and medium-sized enterprises the realistic conditions. 培育企业家精神。由于企业家的素质决定了我国广大中小民营企业的素质和发展，因而民营中小企业制度创新中最重要的就是企业家。